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Having previously been discussed about the general picture, etiology, epidemiology and pathophysiology, and diagnosis of leukemia in children, so in this article we will complete explanation of the procedures surrounding the management or treatment of leukemia in children.
As we know, leukemia is a type of cancer affecting the bone marrow and lymphatic tissues. The majority of leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy are the type of treatment using drugs to kill leukemia cells.
Management of Leukemia In Children
Depending on the type of leukemia, patients can get one or a combination of two or more drugs. On certain types of leukemia biological therapy to enhance the body's natural resistance to cancer. This therapy is administered via injection in a vein. For patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the type of biological therapy, a monoclonal antibody that binds to the leukemia cells.
Leukemia In Children
This therapy allows the immune system to kill leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow. For patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, biological therapy used is a natural substance called interferon to slow the growth of leukemia cells.
Road further therapy can be done through radiotherapy with high-energy rays to kill leukemia cells. A large machine directs radiation at the spleen, brain, or other parts of the body where leukemia cells stacked this. Some patients receive radiation directed through the body. Total body irradiation is usually given before a bone marrow transplant.
Leukemia treatment varies depending on the type and stage.
Treatment of chronic leukemia are not as aggressive as acute leukemia. For the treatment of chronic leukemia, the drug is given more simple and can be given to drink. The goal is simply to control the growth of cancer cells. Chronic leukemia in the course of the disease may relapse and become acute leukemia. In the relapse phase, the treatment is performed sesua with acute leukemia therapy.
For the treatment of acute leukemia, aims to destroy the cancer cells until they run out. Implementation in stages and consists of several cycles. Is the induction stage (early), consolidation and maintenance.
Aimed at the induction stage of the cancer cells are progressively destroyed. The consolidation phase to eradicate residual cancer cells in order to achieve a complete recovery. Maintenance phase is useful to guard against recurrence. The usual therapy including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.
The latest breakthrough is a stem cell transplant / stem cells (stem cells). Examples of the use of stem cell therapy that has been frequently heard is bone marrow transplantation for patients with haematological malignancies such as leukemia or genetic disorders such as thalassemia.
The difficulty in this way is an absolute fit eligibility HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigent) 100% between donor and recipient (receiver). In addition to stem cells from bone marrow, stem cells are cultivated from peripheral blood with a specific filtering technique.
Bone marrow is the soft tissue found in the interior cavity of the bone which is where most of the production of new blood cells. There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells produced from the red marrow.
Yellow marrow produces white blood cells and the color is caused by fat cells that many contain. Both types of bone marrow contains many blood vessels and capillaries.
Bone marrow transplant is a procedure in which damaged bone marrow is replaced with healthy bone marrow. Damaged bone marrow can be caused by high doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In addition, bone marrow transplant is also useful to replace blood cells destroyed by cancer.
Bone marrow transplantation can use the patient's own bone marrow is still healthy. This is called autologous bone marrow transplantation. Bone marrow transplants can also be obtained from others. If obtained from an identical twin, the transplant is called syngeneic. Meanwhile, when obtained from non-identical twins, for example, of siblings, called allogenik transplantation. Currently, bone marrow transplantation is most often performed in allogenik.